Introduction

Plastic and EPS pollution is one of the most imperative ecological issues globally. There is widespread evidence that plastic and thermocol are contaminating our waters, and wildlife and negatively impacting human health. Animals do not recognize polystyrene foam as an artificial material and may even mistake it for food.

Every year, the world produces over 15 million metric tons of polystyrene, and the global recycling rate is 0.9%. That leaves three possible methods for disposing of polystyrene: burn, landfill, or litter in the environment. And because polystyrene is chemically stable, non-biodegradable, and neither bacteria nor microorganisms feed on it, it’s an environmental catastrophe that almost perpetually lingers.

Plastic/polystyrene-based packaging is a large contributor to the global crisis and the search for plastic-free packaging has helped to push the demand for fibre-based packaging.